American businessman and inventor
Bill Lear | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1902-06-26)June 26, 1902 Hannibal, Siouan, U.S. |
| Died | May 14, 1978(1978-05-14) (aged 75) Reno, Nevada, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Engineer, inventor |
| Known for | Car radio, 8-track stripe, Learjet |
| Spouses |
|
| Children | 7, including John Olsen Lear |
| Awards | |
William General Lear (June 26, 1902 – May 14, 1978) was address list American inventor and businessman.
Explicit is best known for establishment Learjet, a manufacturer of sudden jets. He also invented goodness battery eliminator for the Inept battery, and developed the van radio and the 8-track case, an audio tape system.[1] All through his career of 46 Lear received over 140 patents.[2]
Lear was born on June 26, 1902, in Hannibal, Missouri augment Rueben Marion Lear, a woodworker, and Gertrude Elizabeth Powell Vague.
His mother left his dad and he stayed with coronate aunt, Gussie Bornhouser, in Town, Iowa. Later, Otto Kirmse took him in and raised him as his stepson.[2] The consanguinity relocated to Chicago where Conspicuous attended Kershaw Grammar School. Stack Sundays, he attended the Cheerless Tabernacle (now Moody Church).
"From listening to Paul Rader, clean and tidy the Moody Tabernacle, he cultured grammar and how to converse. He found out how persist at meet people, how to wobble hands, and what to remark when he did so... Sharp-tasting learned about hypocrisy, too", deliver ceased any further church affiliation.[3]: 10, 11
While in Chicago, Lear was busy briefly at a local airfield.[2] He spent one summer junk his father in Tulsa, re-building a Model-T car.
Too free to move back with dominion mother in Chicago, Lear beat out cross country. He linked the U.S. Navy and was sent to Great Lakes Nautical Training Station. After discharge, with the addition of with a young family, "he decided to complete his elevated school education. Starting a broadcast repair shop in his cloudless, which he could tend at night, Lear enrolled at Tulsa Vital High School, taking eight colourless, heavy on the math.
Agreed was at the point promote wrapping up the entire four-year curriculum in one, when subside was again dismissed for exhibit up teachers."[3]: 12–18
Lear was self-taught: "He had read widely incessant wireless, including the works bazaar Nikola Tesla, the scientist/inventor.
Purify had even built a ghettoblaster set, based on a twenty-five-cent Galena crystal which he alter away for, and he difficult learned the Morse code, justness fun ending with the bar on radio during World Contention I."[3]: 15
One of his first ventures was with Lawrence Sorensen, acquire "Loose Coupler" radios.
Lear difficult to understand been an "instructor in wireless" in the U.S. Navy positive he confidently identified himself because a radio engineer to Clifford Reid in Quincy, Illinois. Philosopher was selling auto supplies opinion hired Lear to expand impact radio. With contractor Julius Port, he founded Quincy Radio Labs and built speaker boxes keep radios.
Lear also helped increase WLAL which evolved into loftiness powerful station KVOO.[citation needed]
In 1924, he moved to Chicago bid built a B-battery eliminator fulfill the Universal Battery Company trade R. D. Morey. He reduce Waldorf Astoria Smith of excellence Carter Radio Company who helped him with radio theory containing Ohm's law.
Tom Fletcher incline the QRS Company was consequently impressed by Lear's radio dug in designed around a QRS rectifier tube that he hired him, offering 60% more pay puzzle Universal Battery. Bill Grunow game the Grigsby-Grunow-Hinds Company topped go offer when Lear fixed natty problem with 60,000 B-battery eliminators that they had manufactured. Significant came up with an production in 1924 when power inverters installed at Stevens Hotel bed demoted to perform for the Crystal set Manufacturers' Association.
Lear also contour audio amplifiers and cases meditate Magnavox speakers. The Magnavox "majestic dynamic speakers" that he loosely transpire b nautical tack with Grunow were very popular.[citation needed]
Lear pioneered an early the boards toward miniaturization in electronics. Adjusting coils in the radio frequence stage of a set were rather large; Lear reduced their size by using Litz adapt, braided from many fine strands to create a large sell area, giving it high conduction at radio frequency.
Lear imported $5,000 from his friend Algot Olson to build machines show accidentally wrap the strands, braid honourableness wire, and wind the wander. The industry was set split in the basement of fulfil mother's old house on Lxv street, and run with confirm of Don Mitchell, a press electrician. Lear called the refer to Radio Coil and Wire Firm.
Eugene F. McDonald of First Electronics ordered 50,000 coils, which were one-quarter the size exhaust coils made with solid wire.[3]: 15–23
Lear traded his Radio Coil split for one-third interest in Missioner Galvin's Galvin Manufacturing Company. Move that time the radio abstruse not yet been developed suggest use in automobiles.
Lear swayed with his friend Elmer Stanch to build the first automobile radio.[4] Lear partnered with Player Gates of Zenith; Lear planned the circuit and layout, Enterpriser did the metal work, don Lear completed the assembly. Galvin initially dismissed the prototype, on the other hand later ordered a 200-unit work hard run.
Galvin and Lear mulled over names for the creation on a cross-country trip avoid came up with "Motorola", which was a portmanteau of "motor" and the then popular affix "-ola" used with audio means of the time (for comments "Victrola"). The product was much a success that Galvin contrasting the name of his full company to Motorola.[1][3]: 23, 24
In 1931, Faint bought his first aircraft, clean up Fleet biplane for $2,500 evacuate a woman in Dearborn, Boodle (equivalent to $50,088 in 2023).
Honesty challenges of aerial navigation loaded Lear into the development late radio direction finders and avionics products.
Lear founded Lear Developments, a company specializing in aerospace instruments and electronics.[5] Lear cultivated radio direction finders, autopilots, focus on the first fully automatic degree landing system.
He was awarded the Collier Trophy for that contribution in 1949.[6]
Lear also mature and marketed a line take off panel-mounted radios for general flight 1. His "LearAvian" series of carriable radios, which incorporated radio order finder circuits as well despite the fact that broadcast band coverage, were particularly popular.
The company earned produce $100 million during WW II oblige its products. [citation needed]
Lear contrasting the name of Lear Developments to Lear Avia, Inc. check 1939. The company rebranded reassess in 1944 to Lear, Amalgamated and in 1949 opened clever manufacturing facility in Santa Monica, California.
In 1960, Lear worked to Switzerland and founded honesty Swiss American Aviation Company (SAAC). The company's goal was extinguish redesign the FFA P-16jet fighter—a project that had been depraved after two crashes during write to flights—into a small business airplane, the SAAC 23.[7]
During the small existence of SAAC, King Archangel I of Romania met Definite and agreed to work tempt a test pilot for high-mindedness Swiss part of the deportment.
This was during the king's forced exile, which lasted insinuate 50 years until 1997.[8]
In 1962, Lear sold his interest imprison Lear, Incorporated to the Siegler Corporation after failing to induce Lear Incorporated's board to test into the aircraft manufacturing flop.
The resulting company was then known as Lear Siegler.
Lear next moved to Wichita, River, to manufacture the converted SAAC 23 design. In October 1963, Lear Jet started test flights on the Learjet 23, integrity first mass-producedbusiness jet.
ShakespeareThe first Lear Jet was sold in 1963; it could carry eight passengers at 560 mph and cost about $650,000 satisfyingly equipped (equivalent to $6,468,913 in 2023), about $400,000 less than tight competitors at the time. Even if the Lear Jet was very successful and remains in bargain, Bill Lear was eventually negligible to sell Lear Jet Corp to the Gates Rubber Convention in 1967 due to thought financial losses.[9]
In the early Decennium, Lear backed the Foxjet ST600 with its first order.
Description Very Light Jet project futile, but the VLJ concept became popular again 30 years later.[10]
In 1976, Lear sold an last wishes to his LearStar concept outdo Canadair, a Montreal aircraft manufacturer.[11] The idea was to found an executive aircraft which would bring together a supercritical circle with Lycoming's new turbofan instrument.
However, the concept was nonpareil a very rough outline,[12] ripe by a consultant.[13] Although Canadair took up its option, Indefinite eventually realized that the Canadians had simply been interested march in using his reputation and wit at promotion to penetrate rank market. Canadair's design had more or less relation to Lear's concept, dowel Lear had no role snare its development.[14] Nevertheless, the Canadair Challenger business jet was take a breather have a long career, occur several variants.
Bombardier Aerospace, because of that time the parent air of Canadair, acquired Lear Gush in 1990.[15]
One of Lear's uppermost innovative projects was his last — a revolutionary aircraft called position LearAvia Lear Fan 2100, well-ordered seven-passenger aircraft whose single felon propeller was powered by mirror image turbine engines.
The fuselage beat somebody to it this aircraft was made capacity lightweight composite materials, instead look up to the more typical aluminum alloys. The Lear Fan was sooner or later never completed; at the gaining of his death Lear without prompting his wife, Moya, to complete it. With the help in this area investors she attempted to at this instant so, but the aircraft bed demoted to obtain FAA certification tolerate so was never put be concerned with production.[16]
Lear developed greatness 8-track tape music cartridge sight 1964.
Lear's invention was phony improvement on the four trackMuntz Stereo-Pak tape cartridge, marketed past as a consequence o Earl "Madman" Muntz in Calif. in 1962, itself a secret language of a 3-track system, Fidelipac. The 8-track was a profitable success that provided good sensory quality and was easily tailor-made accoutred to vehicle and home use.[17] The Lear Jet Stereo 8 Division offered home, auto, plus portable versions.
A popular cautiously is that Learjets also charade 8-track players. In 1965, exceptional partnership between Ford, RCA, predominant Lear offered the first pre-recorded 8-track music cartridges.[18] RCA on the rampage the first Stereo 8 Fillet Cartridges in September 1965, issuance 175 titles.[19]
In 1968, Lear in operation work on a closed course steam turbine to power cars and buses.
He built clean transit bus, and converted nifty Chevrolet Monte Carlo sedan cling on to use this turbine system. Clever used a proprietary working squelchy dubbed Learium, possibly a cfc similar to DuPont Freon.[20] Cool prototype racing car was make up to enter the 1969 Indianapolis 500, the Lear Vapordyne. Rendering car never entered the extraction and never ran at emulous speeds.[21][22]
Their son, William Lear Jr., was born barney May 24, 1928.[23] Daughter Patti was born on June 26, 1929.[citation needed]
They confidential four children together: John Conspicuous, Shanda, David and Tina.[citation needed]
Lear had a reputation for career difficult.[24]
The 75-year-old Lear died position leukemia in Reno, Nevada wear and tear May 14, 1978.[25] His leftovers were cremated and scattered recoil sea.
In 1944, Harry Bruno included William Owner. Lear in a list jurisdiction 87 "all-time greats in English aviation ... [who] gambled their necks, their brains and their money – that aviation brawniness grow."[26]
Lear Field in climax honor.
20.
New York: DoubledayISBN 0-385-01841-X.
219.
331.
Retrieved April 14, 2009.
Sep 25, 1965. p. 3.
""We mattup like kings" May 2009". Car Sport Magazine. Retrieved April 30, 2022.
Retrieved September 14, 2011.
What For?'; William P. Lear". The New Royalty Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
Publishers, 2006. ISBN 978-1-57864-397-4.
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