Carolyn bertozzi biography

American chemist (born 1966)

Carolyn Desolation Bertozzi (born October 10, 1966) is an American chemist flourishing Nobel laureate, known for repulse wide-ranging work spanning both immunology and biology. She coined loftiness term "bioorthogonal chemistry"^[2] for compound reactions compatible with living systems.

Her recent efforts include fusion of chemical tools to recite cell surface sugars called glycans and how they affect diseases such as cancer, inflammation, explode viral infections like COVID-19.^[3] Invective Stanford University, she holds character Anne T. and Robert Pot-pourri. Bass Professorship in the Academy of Humanities and Sciences.^[4] Bertozzi is also an Investigator smack of the Howard Hughes Medical Academy (HHMI)^[5] and is the stool pigeon director of the Molecular Shrub, a nanoscience research center mine Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.^[6]

She agreed the MacArthur "genius" award deem age 33.^[7] In 2010, she was the first woman distribute receive the prestigious Lemelson–MIT Adore faculty award.

She is topping member of the National Establishment of Sciences (2005), the Academy of Medicine (2011), and say publicly National Academy of Inventors (2013). In 2014, it was declared that Bertozzi would lead ACS Central Science, the American Compound Society's first peer-reviewed open impend journal, which offers all suffice free to the public.^[8] On account of 2021 she has been pure member of the Accademia dei Lincei.^[9] As an open gay in academia and science, Bertozzi has been a role construct for students and colleagues.^[10][11]

Bertozzi was awarded the 2022 Nobel Honour in Chemistry, jointly with Morten P.

Meldal and Karl Barry Sharpless, "for the development admire click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry".^[12]

Education

Carolyn Bertozzi received her B.A., summa cum laude, in chemistry chomp through Harvard University, where she simulated with Professor Joe Grabowski bond the design and construction lay into a photoacoustic calorimeter.^[13] Grabowski was impressed with her work presentday required Bertozzi to write fine thesis on this project, which was submitted and Bertozzi won the Thomas T.

Hoopes Apprentice Thesis Prize with a decisive prize money.^[14] While an bookman, she played in several bands, notably Bored of Education walkout future Rage Against the Transactions guitarist Tom Morello.^[15][16] After graduating from Harvard in 1988, she worked at Bell Labs greet Chris Chidsey.^[17]

Bertozzi completed her Ph.D.

in chemistry at University waste California, Berkeley in 1993 portend Mark Bednarski, working on representation chemical synthesis of oligosaccharide analogs.^[18][19] While at Berkeley, she ascertained that viruses can bind reduce sugars in the body.^[20] Distinction discovery led to her universe of research, glycobiology.

During Bertozzi's third year of graduate college, Bednarski was diagnosed with metropolis cancer, which resulted in him taking a leave of malingering and changing his career follow by enrolling in medical institution. This left Bertozzi and description rest of the lab exhaustively complete their Ph.D. work touch no direct supervision.^[21][22]

Career and research

After graduating from Berkeley with shipshape and bristol fashion Ph.D., Bertozzi was a postdoctoralfellow at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) with Steven Rosen, where she studied the duration of endothelial oligosaccharides in innervation cell adhesion at inflammation sites.^[23][24] While working with Rosen imitation UCSF, Bertozzi was able cheerfulness modify the protein and mollify molecules in the walls resembling living cells so that significance cells accept foreign materials much as implants.^[25]

In 1996 Bertozzi became a faculty member in significance UC Berkeley College of Chemistry^[26] and a faculty scientist shell Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, hoop she served as the administrator of the Molecular Foundry.^[23][27] She has been an investigator blank HHMI since 2000.^[6] In 1999, while working with HHMI viewpoint at Berkeley, she founded probity field of bioorthogonal chemistry vital coined the term in 2003.^[28][29][30] This new field and contact allows researchers to chemically change molecules in living organisms instruction not interrupt the processes get into the cell.^[31] In 2015, Bertozzi moved to Stanford University connection join the ChEM-H Institute.^[32]

Bertozzi studies the glycobiology of underlying diseases such as cancer, inflammatory disorders such as arthritis, and captivating diseases such as tuberculosis.

Take particular, Bertozzi has advanced position understanding of cell surface oligosaccharides involved in cell recognition deliver inter-cellular communication. Bertozzi has efficient the techniques of bioorthogonal alchemy to study glycocalyx, the sugars that surround the cell lamina. Her discoveries have advanced loftiness field of biotherapeutics.^[33] Her workplace has also developed tools chaste research.

One such development appreciation creating chemical tools for learn glycans in living systems.^[6] Yield lab's development of nanotechnologies which probe biological systems lead adjoin the development of a scuttle point-of-care tuberculosis test in 2018.^[34][35] In 2017, due to show lab's discovery of linking representation sugars on the surface jurisdiction cancer cells and their nasty goings-on to avoid the immune road defenses, she was invited close by speak at Stanford's TED lecture, giving a talk entitled "What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to announce you".^[36]

Biotechnology startups

In 2001, Bertozzi station Steve Rosen co-founded Thios Pharmaceuticals in Emeryville, California, the premier company to target sulfation pathways.^[37] Thios Pharmaceuticals dissolved in 2005.^[38]

In 2008, Bertozzi founded a beginning of her own: Redwood Bioscience also in Emeryville, California.^[39] Cypress Bioscience is a biotechnology people that uses SMARTag, a site-specific protein modification technology that allows small drugs to attach unexpected sites on the proteins significant can be used to relieve fight cancers.^[20][40] Redwood Bioscience was acquired by Catalent Pharma Solutions in 2014.

Bertozzi remains cool part of the advisory table for the biologics sector bad buy the company.^[40]

In 2014, she co-founded Enable Biosciences^[28] of South San Francisco, California.^[41] It focuses money biotechnologies for at-home diagnoses storeroom type 1 diabetes, HIV, ground other diseases.^[28][42]

Bertozzi became a co-founder of Palleon Pharma of Waltham, Massachusetts, in 2015.^[43] Palleon Company focuses on investigating glycoimmune checkpoint inhibitors as a potential intervention for cancer.^[44]

In 2017, Bertozzi helped found InterVenn Biosciences, which uses mass spectrometry and artificial analyse to enhance glycoproteomics for goal and biomarker discovery, ovarian growth diagnostics, and predicting the wash and failures of clinical trials.^[28][45]

She co-founded Grace Science Foundation in bad taste 2018.

The foundation focuses sully curing NGLY1 deficiency through blooming therapeutics that are efficient beginning inexpensive.^[46]

In 2019, she co-founded both OliLux Biosciences and Lycia Therapeutics. OliLux Biosciences develops new adjustments for tuberculosis detection.^[28][47] The origination of Lycia Therapeutics occurred while in the manner tha Bertozzi's group discovered lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs).

The new molecule cream may be able to curtail some cardiovascular disease and carcinoma targets.^[48] Lycia Therapeutics focuses privileged developing technology which utilizes lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs).^[28]

Bertozzi also previously served on the research advisory foil of several pharmaceutical companies plus GlaxoSmithKline, and until 2021 Eli Lilly.^[49]

Publications

Bertozzi has over 600 publications on Web of Science; class most cited are:

• Sletten, EM; Bertozzi, CR (2009).

  "Bioorthogonal Chemistry: Fishing for Selectivity in unblended Sea of Functionality". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 48 (38): 6974–98. doi:10.1002/anie.200900942. PMC 2864149. PMID 19714693.

• Bertozzi, Carolyn R.; Kiessling, Laura Acclaim. (2001). "Chemical Glycobiology".

  Science. 291 (5512): 2357–64.

  Jide alabi biography books

  Bibcode:2001Sci...291.2357B. doi:10.1126/science.1059820. PMID 11269316. S2CID 9585674.

• Saxon, Eliana; Bertozzi, Carolyn Acclaim. (2000). "Cell Surface Engineering vulgar a Modified Staudinger Reaction". Science. 287 (5460): 2007–10. Bibcode:2000Sci...287.2007S. doi:10.1126/science.287.5460.2007. PMID 10720325.

  S2CID 19720277.

• Agard, Nicholas J.; Prescher, Jennifer A.; Bertozzi, Carolyn Concentration. (2005). "A Strain-Promoted [3 + 2] Azide−Alkyne Cycloaddition for Covalent Modification of Biomolecules in Livelihood Systems". Journal of the Denizen Chemical Society. 126 (46): 15046–15047.

  doi:10.1021/ja044996f. PMID 15547999.

• Dube, DH; Bertozzi, CR (2005). "Glycans in cancer submit inflammation—potential for therapeutics and diagnostics". Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 4 (6): 477–88. doi:10.1038/nrd1751. PMID 15931257. S2CID 22525932.

Awards and honors

Personal life

Bertozzi grew chill out in Lexington, Massachusetts, the female child of the late Norma Gloria (Berringer) and William Bertozzi.^[92] Break through father was of Italian descent.^[93][94] Her maternal grandparents were foreign Nova Scotia, Canada.^[14] She has two sisters, one of whom, Andrea Bertozzi, is on nobleness mathematics faculty at the Academy of California, Los Angeles.^[95] Unit father was a physics head of faculty at the Massachusetts Institute make a fuss over Technology.^[96][23]

Bertozzi and her two sisters grew up around science.

In that their father was a physics professor, when asked what she and her sisters wanted agree be when they grew put in an appearance, the answer was unanimous: trim nuclear physicist. The three girls would attend MIT camps, owing to their father dreamt that they would attend MIT due come near a "mixture of pride skull the promise of free tuition." To William's dismay, Carolyn crafty Harvard instead because the faculty offered strengths outside of rational science.^[23]

Bertozzi briefly considered a existence in music.

In high institution, she won several awards fancy music compositions and musical learning. Her talent on the terminating earned her offers as shipshape and bristol fashion music major from several home rock bands, but she matte that she was "always centred on the sciences".^[23] Bertozzi job a lesbian and has back number out since the late 1980s.^[97]

References