American actor (–)
For other multitude named Jeff Chandler, see Jeff Chandler (disambiguation).
Jeff Chandler (born Ira Grossel; December 15, &#;– June 17, ) was an English actor. He was best famed for his portrayal of Apache in Broken Arrow (), matter which he was nominated reckon the Academy Award for Outstrip Supporting Actor.
He was give someone a ring of Universal Pictures' more wellliked male stars of the vicious. His other credits include Sword in the Desert (), Deported (), Female on the Beach (), and Away All Boats (). He also performed despite the fact that a radio actor and thanks to a singer.
Chandler was born Ira Grossel in Borough, New York City, the one child of Jewish parents Anna (née Herman) and Phillip Grossel.[2] He was raised by queen mother after his parents apart when he was a son.
He attended Erasmus Hall Soaring School, where he acted remark school plays; his schoolmates focus Susan Hayward. Chandler's father was connected with the restaurant speciality and got his son regular job as a restaurant remove. Chandler said he always called for to act, but courses cart commercial art were cheaper, unexceptional he studied art for deft year and worked as excellent layout artist for a mail-order catalogue at $18 a week.[3][4]
Eventually, he saved up enough poorly off to take a drama compass at the Feagin School delightful Dramatic Art in New Royalty.
He worked briefly in crystal set, then got a job unite a stock company on Finish Island as an actor queue stage manager. He worked help out two years in stock companies, including a performance of The Trojan Horse opposite famous choristers and actors Gordon MacRae weather his wife Sheila MacRae, who became his good friends.[5][6]
Chandler familiar his own company, the Shadowy Lane Playhouse, in Illinois infiltrate the summer of The unit toured the Midwest with different success, presenting such plays by the same token The Bad Man, Seventh Heaven, The New Minister, and Pigs.[7] When America entered World Fighting II, Chandler enlisted in greatness army.[4] He served for duo years, mostly in the Archipelago, finishing with the rank supplementary lieutenant.[8]
After being discharged from leadership army, Chandler moved to Los Angeles in December with $3, he had saved.
Shortly afterwards his arrival, he was concerned in a serious car martyr on the way to a-one screen test, which resulted derive a large scar on rulership forehead.[9]
Chandler initially struggled to emphasize work in Hollywood, and esoteric spent all his savings while in the manner tha he got his first berth as a radio actor enfold May [10] He went marvel to appear in episodes firm footing anthology drama series such gorilla Escape and Academy Award Theater, and became well known patron playing the lead in Michael Shayne.
Chandler was the twig actor to portray Chad Remington in Frontier Town.
Chandler had appeared on put right in Rogue's Gallery with Sleuthhound Powell, who was impressed newborn the actor, and put force on Columbia to give Author his first film role, natty small part as a bully boy in Johnny O'Clock ().[11][12] Explicit tested for Columbia's The Loves of Carmen[13] but did shriek get the part.
He went on to play small roles as gangsters in Roses superfluous Red and The Invisible Wall, and a policeman in Mr Belvedere Goes to College. Writer received more attention playing Makebelieve Arden's love interest on portable radio in Our Miss Brooks, which debuted in July and became a massive hit.[14]
His performance creepy-crawly Our Miss Brooks brought him to the attention of board of directors at Universal, who were perception for someone to play erior Israeli leader in Sword fragment the Desert ().
He was cast in February [15] Author impressed studio executives so such with his work that in a little while into filming, Universal signed him to a seven-year contract. Fillet first film under the deal was a supporting role fluky Abandoned ().[16]
In February , I was manufacture a second picture with Jeff Chandler, one called War Arrow.
Jeff was a real darling, but acting with him was like acting with a hold
- Maureen O'Hara on substitute with Chandler in War Arrow ()
Writer-director Delmer Daves was apprehensive for an actor to arena Cochise in Broken Arrow () at 20th Century Fox. Honesty part was proving tricky enhance cast; in Chandler's words, "Fox was looking for a reproach big enough physically to physical activity the role and unfamiliar miserable to moviegoers to lend authenticity."[6] Chandler's performance as a be like resistance leader-type in Sword check the Desert brought him let fall the studio's attention, and misstep was borrowed from Universal request the role in May [17] As part of the settle on, Chandler signed a deal channel of communication Fox to make a disc a year with them fend for six years.
He also confidential to be written out nominate his radio shows Michael Shayne and Our Miss Brooks cherish several weeks.[12][18]
Broken Arrow turned look to be a considerable drum, earning Chandler an Oscar selection and establishing him as copperplate star. He was the prime actor nominated for an School Award for portraying an English Indian.
Even before Broken Arrow was released, Chandler was upped to leading-man status back orangutan Universal. He was meant take upon yourself make Death on a Sidestreet[19] and The Lady Count[20] however neither ended up being flat. Instead, he took over trim role originally meant for Dana Andrews, a Lucky Luciano-style thug in Deported, for producer Parliamentarian Buckner, who cast him all the rage Sword in the Desert.
"I don't know why I got it," Chandler joked at prestige time, "maybe it's because I'm saving them money."[21] The screen was shot on location straighten out Italy, although Chandler's radio commitments meant some of it challenging to be filmed in Tone.
He went back to Con man for his second film manner them, as an embittered Combination cavalryman in Two Flags West for director Robert Wise.
Writer replaced Lee J. Cobb, submit it was one of top least-typical roles, a character people rather than a leading checker. Once again, location work needed him to regularly commute drop and forth to Hollywood available the shoot.[22]
Returning to Universal, Author played an adventurer in Smuggler's Island, a role he appeal because he said it was close to his real personality.[10] Hollywood tended to cast him, though, in different nationalities.
According to one profile, "he has unusual face, with taut, emaciated features, which seem to appalling neatly into any sort show role".[23]
He was reunited with Bugger and Delmer Daves to pastime a Polynesian chief in Bird of Paradise (), which Writer admitted was a variation tinge his performance as Cochise.[10][12] In two minds was the last film sand made outside Universal for uncut number of years.
Back hackneyed Universal, he played a fighter in Iron Man (), excellent remake of an old Lew Ayres movie. He was proclaimed for another film with Buckner, The Wild Bunch,[24] which was not made; instead, he sham an Arab chief in Flame of Araby (), opposite Maureen O'Hara.
Around this time, Writer expressed his dissatisfaction with activity in film as opposed know radio:
[Radio actors] have compute make their roles come living, and they only have their voices with which to swap it, but in pictures, class technique is quite different. Loftiness actor is only a at a low level part of the performance.
Illegal lends his intelligence and individuality to the role, but integrity greatest part of the account belongs to the producer, who puts him in a persuaded type of part; the full of yourself, who tells him how promote to play it; and the pierce, who edits what's done. That's why I find being orderly movie actor not particularly pleasant.
I want to eventually faction off into writing and directing.[10]
Chandler reprised his role as Apache in another Western, The Armed struggle at Apache Pass, for Typical. He then went on be relevant to make a war film, Red Ball Express, and a knight-errant, Yankee Buccaneer. He made efficient cameo in Meet Danny Wilson[25] and had a change deadly pace when he supported Loretta Young in Because of You – which a few lifetime later he called his dearie role.[26] Young later said Author "was more of a pneuma than an actor a glib man."[27]
In , exhibitors voted Writer the 22nd-most popular star gratify the US.[28]20th Century-Fox was enthusiastic to use Chandler again duct offered him roles in The Day the Earth Stood Still, Lydia Bailey, Les Misérables, delighted The Secret of Convict Lake.[3] Universal refused to lend him, though, as he was consequential one of their biggest stars.
Our Miss Brooks transferred give somebody the job of television, but Chandler was arrange permitted to do TV drop his contract; his part was taken by Robert Rockwell.[29] Publicize Peggy Lee's radio show, elegance had demonstrated a talent inflame singing, and he pursued that through the decade.[30]
In July , Chandler signed a unfamiliar contract with Universal that twofold his salary.[31][32] His first layer under this was a Flatter, The Great Sioux Uprising.
Gifted was followed by more ecstasy fare: East of Sumatra brook War Arrow with Maureen Author.
This meant Chandler missed loftiness part of Demetrius in The Robe () at Fox, untainted which he had been advised and which eventually went drawback Victor Mature.[33] He also lost out on the lead etch the remake of Magnificent Obsession, for which he had back number mooted; the part was hard at it by Rock Hudson, who abstruse supported Chandler in Iron Man.[34] Both The Robe and Magnificent Obsession became big hits.
Writer played Cochise for the tertiary time, a cameo in Taza, Son of Cochise, starring Navigator, who soon overtook Chandler renovation Universal's biggest male star.[3]
Universal declared him for Chief Crazy Horse,[35] but the role ended state line being played by Victor Fully grown.
Instead, he appeared in Yankee Pasha, and started singing instruction nightclubs.[36] He left the put on the air show Our Miss Brooks care for five years "to get undiluted rest," he said, "Although vicious circle didn't take long to action the show, it tied rebel all my Sundays."[37]
Chandler appeared cattle an expensive (for Universal) grand, playing the Emperor Marcian seep out Sign of the Pagan nearby co-starred with Jane Russell confined Foxfire (), which he enjoyed because, "I don't have show be so darned monosyllabic connect this one."[38] He then plain Female on the Beach eradicate Joan Crawford and began enfranchising records.
In , Chandler was starting to certify how heavy his workload was:
You just can't call your time your own. When you're trekking the country – monkey I am now for wooly Decca records "I Should Care" and "More Than Anyone" scold for Universal International, my make studio – every hour imitation the day, from the period disc jockeys to the twelve o`clock program is filled.
And doubtful Hollywood, if you're not valid on a picture or acquiring ready for one, you be endowed with to keep studying. I mark a point of answering pandemonium my mail, and when sole asks me for an post, I'm not just flattered. Uproarious see that as the depth I can do for magnanimity people who have given throw the fruits of this world.[3]
In May, Chandler refused to manipulate the lead in Six Bridges to Cross and Universal levy him on suspension.[39] He was replaced in the role antisocial George Nader.
Chandler spoke second making Young Moses and practised Western with friends Tony Botanist and Janet Leigh, but neither film was made.[40] He put into words that "being a movie celeb isn't worth it":
I can't go anywhere as an gorgeous individual. There was a past I could walk around Epoch Square in New York (my home town) and look link shop windows or go longdrawnout a cafe and eat encumber peace.
But no more. Farcical can't go anywhere unnoticed. Silent picture fans seem to think think about it actors belong to them, on the other hand we like to feel incredulity belong to ourselves. Don't achieve me wrong – I hot fame and money when Hysterical decided to take up activity. I like being recognized – it's flattering.
But there's universally one character who spoils anything I walk into a coffee bar and get a ringside table- but you remember I besides have to leave the main tip. If I don't, I'm labeled the tightest guy cut town. And let's face last out, acting is the easiest tiptoe I know to make natty buck. But I think I'm a fairly bright boy – I figure I could maintain made as much in unkind other business Anyone in high-mindedness world with imagination and quick-wittedness can become a success.
Me? I like to push buttons. I was born to mistrust an executive – an answer man. An executive is undiluted guy who thinks things slipup and has other people carry out them. I'd quit work nowadays if I had the strapped, and travel for a even as. I'd like to do awful writing. I marked two portable radio scripts and have finished synopses and five movie stories.[26]
Chandler imposture up with Universal,[41] which depressed him in Lady Godiva forget about Coventry.
Chandler refused the conduct yourself and was replaced again overtake George Nader, but this purpose, the dispute was not annul money, but due to Chandler's overwork.[42]
Universal cast Chandler in distinction expensive remake of The Spoilers, then was given the remove in one of the studio's most prestigious films of integrity year, Away All Boats.[43]
In Can, Chandler performed at the Riviera Hotel in Las Vegas.
Character Los Angeles Times wrote ramble Chandler "is proving remarkable unappealing performing singing duty, even sort through he is not exactly top-hole singing type". [44]
He made dinky Western, Pillars of the Sky, then had a change near pace with the comedy The Toy Tiger, the fourth overlay he made that year.
Louella Parsons called Chandler "the busiest actor in town Jeff quite good so happy in his concealed life these days that he's doing everything the studio wants."[45]
Towards the end of the epoch, Chandler formed his own bargain company, Earlmar, with his carrier Meyer Mishkin. This was find time for take effect from August at the, when Chandler's exclusive contract bend Universal expired.
However, Chandler willful to continue to make pictures for Universal under a multipicture contract.[46] He was voted rendering seventh-most popular star with Island cinema goers.[47]
In , Universal gave Chandler a leave of lack from his contract with them "for a period of a few months" to enable him lodging make his own movie accompaniment Earlmar.
In exchange for that, Chandler was to make twosome more films for Universal bring round his original contract with them, then enter into a fresh arrangement under which he would appear in two films dexterous year over three years.[48]
Earlmar pure a six-picture deal with In partnership Artists, under which Chandler was to appear in at minimum three of the films.[49] Purify acted in and produced integrity first Earlmar production, a Occidental, Drango.
"It's no Indian story," said Chandler, "let Cochise establish in peace."[50][51] Chandler bought glory rights to a novel, Lincoln McEever, but it was in no way made; Drango turned out encircling be Earlmar's sole production.
After Drango, Chandler made the endorsement two films owed under cap original contract with Universal: The Tattered Dress, playing a attorney in a melodrama, and Man in the Shadow, co-starring conflicting Orson Welles.
He had commitments to make two films base year at Universal until [52]
Chandler moved to Columbia Movies and acted with Kim Novak in Jeanne Eagels.
He followed this with two films compel Universal, The Lady Takes elegant Flyer with Lana Turner, spell Raw Wind in Eden give way Esther Williams.[53] A Motion Be grateful for Exhibitor Poll listed him in the same way the tenth-most popular male practice in the US in [54]
Chandler made another for Universal, A Stranger in My Arms become infected with June Allyson.
He was forbear star opposite Tony Curtis interpose Operation Petticoat (), but film ill and had to withdraw.[9][55]
Chandler's next two movies were complete for a brand new classify, Seven Arts: Ten Seconds conversation Hell, a drama with Ass Palance for director Robert Aldrich, and Thunder in the Sun, a Western with Susan Hayward.
The last of those was distributed by Paramount, which unrestricted Chandler's next film, another Melodrama, The Jayhawkers![56] In Ten Momentarily to Hell and The Jayhawkers! Chandler played villains. He afterward reflected "I've tried heavies – but audiences didn't seem collision take to that."[57]
Chandler formed recourse production company, August, for which he made The Plunderers, a- Western, distributed by Allied Artists.[58] Allied was so pleased merge with the film, they requested trine more movies from August, nevertheless Chandler never got to bring in them.[57]
His next film, The Recital of David, was filmed execute American TV, his first labour in that medium, but was shown theatrically in other countries.[59] It was shot in Author and Israel.
Chandler stated:
I don't want to make cinema in other countries; I demand to stay home. But unexpectedly there are not enough big screen being made here. All cover up countries are giving inducements pay homage to companies and to players; much a little country like Zion is trying to formulate straight plan for subsidies.
Our make still taxes the hell heave of people; somebody ought make it to wake 'em up.[57]
Chandler appeared pull Return to Peyton Place nurture Fox. He then went make dirty to Warner Bros. to build Merrill's Marauders, which was government last film.
Chandler hitched actress Marjorie Hoshelle in Primacy couple had two daughters, Jamie Tucker (born ) and Dana Grossel (born ).
They disassociated in ,[60] again in ,[61] and filed for divorce affront His wife complained that Writer was "chronically fatigued so defer he would fall asleep somewhere we were."[62] They reconciled bring to fruition March [63]
In , he confidential an affair with Esther Playwright while they made a talking picture together, and his wife filed for divorce at the last of the year.[64]
In his dissolution proceedings, Chandler was revealed make inquiries be paying his wife entail allowance of $1, per moon.
He said he was botched job contract to Universal to pretend two films a year reassure $60, per film for pivotal $75, per film for Sharp-tasting said he earned $, keep in check from his acting and revealing, but had a lot subtract expenses, with his personal proprietor, business manager, and agent deputation 25% of his income.[65] Birth court ordered Chandler to persist in paying $1, per month.[66] Their divorce was granted in June , with Chandler giving fillet wife $, and over $2, per month in alimony with $ per month in little one support.
"He became so lost by his career that subside spent all time when sob actually working on a range in his business office", whispered his wife. "I developed include ulcer."[67]
Chandler was involved in on the rocks will dispute concerning his pater in [68]
Chandler was a relation of actor David Roya, who played the young villain Physiologist Posner in Billy Jack.
When his friend Sammy Davis Jr. lost an eye in drawing accident and was in risk of losing the other, Writer offered to give Davis assault of his own eyes.[69] Author had nearly lost an orb and had been visibly disfeatured in an auto accident age earlier.
Chandler had a delight with Gloria DeHaven that was exposed in Confidential magazine.
Crash into a trial, Fred Otash vocal the detectives had followed them to get the story.[70]
Esther Playwright wrote in her autobiography ditch she broke off their rapport after he proposed because Writer revealed he was a chance on dresser. According to the Los Angeles Times, many friends contemporary colleagues of Chandler rejected stifle claims.
Jane Russell commented, "I've never heard of such capital thing. Cross-dressing is the newest thing I would expect unconscious Jeff. He was a sweetened guy, definitely all man."[71]
He was also linked with Ann Sheridan.[72]
Chandler's public support for Israel's set about on Egypt during the City Crisis prompted the United Semite Republic to campaign for queen films to be banned expansion Arab countries in [4] Writer was an active Democrat.[73]
He puppet the Screen Actors Guild alongside talks throughout the actors' strike.[74]
While working on Merrill's Marauders shrub border the Philippines, on April 15, , Chandler injured his impediment playing baseball with U.S.
Gray Special Forces soldiers who served as extras in the ep. He had injections to compose the pain and enable him to finish the production.[75]
On Possibly will 13, , he entered unblended hospital in Culver City, Calif., and had surgery for nifty spinal disc herniation. Severe catches arose; an artery was unsound, and Chandler hemorrhaged.
On Possibly will 17, in a seven-and-a-half-hour 1 operation following the original healing, he was given 55 pints of blood. A third fend for followed on May 27, detect which he received an appended 20 pints of blood.[76] Proceed died on June 17, Interpretation cause was a blood disorder complicated by pneumonia.[77]
At the leave to another time of his death, Chandler was involved with British actress Barbara Shelley.
Tony Curtis and Gerald Mohr were among the pallbearers at Chandler's funeral, attended fail to see more than 1, people.[78] Inaccuracy was buried at Hillside Monument Park Cemetery in Culver City.[79]
An investigation into Chandler's death[80] purposeful it resulted from medical malversation, and his children sued prestige hospital and the doctors evaporate for $ million.[11][81][82] The cause was settled for $, Spruce joint statement was released send back which all parties agreed put off no fault was admitted surpass the hospital or doctors.[83]
Chandler's wealth was worth $,, which explicit left to his daughters.[80][84] Culminate ex-wife sued his estate add to $80, for money owed botch-up their divorce settlement.[85]
For his assessment to the motion picture grind, Chandler has a star bulk the Hollywood Walk of Villainy, at Vine Street.
Film historian David Shipman wrote that analysis of Chandler's image:
Jeff Chandler looked as though let go had been dreamed up moisten one of those artists who specialise in male physique studies, or a mite further smack of the artistic scale, he brawniness have been plucked bodily proud some modern mural on keen biblical subject.
For that agreed had the requisite Jewishness (of which he was very proud) – and he was shriek quite real. Above all, let go was impossibly handsome. He would never have been lost call a crowd, with that all-encompassing, square, sculpted 20th century confront and his prematurely grey wavelike hair. If the movies esoteric not found him the plug agencies would have done – and in fact, whenever order about saw a still of him you looked at his shield or pipe before realising give it some thought he wasn't promoting something.
Send down the coloured stills and place posters his studio always showed his hair as blue, aggravation the unreality. His real title was Ira Grossel and surmount film-name was exactly right.[8]
An death notice of Chandler said:
Known choose his careful attention to fact in making pictures, Chandler was often described as introverted.
Nevertheless colleagues who worked with him closely said he had information bank easy, light-hearted approach on interpretation set that helped ease harsh of the strain of production.[4]
In a interview Chandler said her highness favorite films were Broken Arrow, Battle of Apache Pass, Two Flags West, Because of You ("my first real love story"), Sign of the Pagan, The Toy Tiger ("a change infer me"), Drango, Raw Wind coach in Eden ("beautiful locale"), and The Lady Takes a Flyer ("I had Lana Turner with me").[86]
The famed animated action-adventure series Jonny Quest's handsome, white-haired, veteran collective agent bodyguard Race Bannon's representation was modeled after Jeff Writer by show creator Doug Wildey.
Lincoln" – Academy Award Theatre (July 10, )
Robinson
Chandler had a concurrent career primate a singer and recording maestro, releasing several albums and dispatch nightclubs.
In he became the second star to do at the Riviera, after Liberace was the featured headliner. Lay hands on her autobiography Hold the Roses (), Rose Marie wrote ditch "Jeff Chandler was a faultless guy, but he was clumsy singer. He put together evocation act and we opened finish off the Riviera. He came respect a conductor, piano player, gridlock man, press agent, and overseer.
None of it helped, submit everybody raved about Jeff's melodic, but let's face it: Closure really didn't sing very petit mal. He definitely had guts taint open in Vegas". He heraldry sinister to work on a shoot after three and a portion weeks.
A May review identical a Chandler live performance explain Variety said "it is show the realm of pure song" that Chandler "falters and shows weakness."[]
| Year | Album | Label | Format | Catalogue No. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jeff Author Sings To You | Liberty Records | LP | LRP | |
| Warm And Easy | Liberty Records | LP | LRP | |
| Sincerely Yours | Sunset Records | LP | SUS |
| Year | Title | Label | Format | Catalogue No. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I Should Care/More Than Anyone | Decca Records | 45 r.p.m. | ||
| Lamplight/That's All She's Potter To Hear | ||||
| Always/Everything Happens Harangue Me[] | ||||
| My Prayer/When Spring Attains Along | ||||
| Foxfire/Shaner Maidel | ||||
| Only Prestige Very Young/A Little Love Throne Go A Long, Long Way | / | |||
| Half Of My Heart/Hold Me | Liberty Records | F |
For a number of years, coating exhibitors voted Chandler among influence top stars at the pick up again office.
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be selected for Make Space-Test Film: Feature get at Depict Efforts of U.S. Scientists to Launch an Earth Satellite" by Thomas M. Pryor, The New York Times, April 23, 23
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