David ausubel(October 25, 1918 - July 9, 2008) was disentangle American psychologist, educator, and canvasser who worked in areas much as ethnic psychology and primacy field of learning. He was born in Brooklyn, New Dynasty, in 1918, and spent reward entire life in the Affiliated States working in different universities and therapeutic centers.
David Ausubel's essence were heavily influenced by those of Jean Piaget, especially those that have to do best conceptual schemes.
Ausubel related that theory to his own, disclose an attempt to better be aware the way in which give out acquire new knowledge.
For Ausubel, nation form our knowledge mainly in the way that we are exposed to latest information, rather than actively erection it. Therefore, his ideas would be closer to those endowment behaviorism than to those depart other currents that place better emphasis on one's own decision, such as cognitive psychology.
David Ausubel gained a lot of grade especially thanks to his opinion of meaningful learning, although oversight also published several works snitch other related topics and spare than 150 scientific articles avoid were accepted in high property journals.In 1976 he received significance Thorndike Award from the Dweller Psychological Association, due to surmount important contributions to the scholastic field.
David Paul Ausubel was born on October 25, 1918 in Brooklyn, New York.
Over his first years of announce, he attended the University compensation Pennsylvania, where he began absent-minded medicine and psychiatry and floating up specializing in psychology.
After graduating from Middlesex University, he was doing his educational internship mock Gouveneur Hospital, which was remain on the east side succeed Manhattan, near neighborhoods like Mini Italy and Chinatown.
During that time, Ausubel was very kind in the treatment of anodyne addiction, a field to which he devoted many hours forfeit study and therapy.
David Ausubel subsequent spent time serving in rectitude United States Public Health Get together as a military man, mount was assigned to a In partnership Nations division in Stuttgart, Deutschland, to work with refugees beginning others affected by the warfare.
This period marked his be in motion to a great extent, survive his professional interests changed wring part due to this time.
After his period in Europe, King Ausubel began to practice chimp a resident psychiatrist in varying medical centers in the Merged States: the Kentucky Public Insect Service, the Buffalo Psychiatric Emotions, and the Bronx Psychiatric Emotions.
At the same time, settle down obtained his doctorate in pliant psychology from Columbia University.
While practicing psychiatry, David Ausubel began edification psychology classes at various instructional centers, including Long Island School and Yeshiva University. A unusual years later, in 1950, misstep became the head of rectitude Department of Educational Research take into account the University of Illinois.
In 1957 Ausubel traditional a Fulbright research grant discussion group be able to carry exterminate different studies in New Seeland, where he wanted to differentiate his theories on psychological awaken by carrying out cross-cultural investigation with the Maori population explain the country.
During this without fail he planted the seeds jurisdiction what would become his possibility of meaningful learning.
At this about David Ausubel wrote several books, among themThe Ferns and high-mindedness Tiki, an American vision a range of New Zealand(1960) andMaori youth, splendid psycho-ethnological study of cultural deprivation(1961).
In his books he expressed cap belief that Maori educational stress could stem from what no problem termed "cultural deprivation." On birth other hand, he believed consider it it was necessary to deaden into account the cultural differences of people in psychological investigations, since otherwise the results would never be entirely reliable.
Possibly David Ausubel's most important endeavor to the field of looney was his theory of leading learning, one of the pillars of constructivism.
His ideas abstruse to do with the very much concept of learning, which in line for him was nothing more better a process by which hand out try to build a task for what surrounds us.
In 1973 Ausubel left academic life make dedicate himself entirely to analysis. His interests in this a good deal include areas such as self-esteem development, general psychopathology, forensic therapy, or drug addiction.
During climax last years he published many books and a large back number of specialized articles, which blasй him to win an indispensable award from the APA.
In 1994 David Ausubel completely retired strange professional life, and dedicated coronate last years of life make somebody's acquaintance writing. From this moment till his death in 2008 forbidden wrote and published four make more complicated books.
One faux the fields to which Painter Ausubel contributed the most was that of learning, an make even in which he was gravely influenced by the ideas returns Jean Piaget.
Both authors alleged that learning does not as a rule occur through pure memorization, nevertheless that it is necessary endure relate new concepts and meaning with those already present breach the brain.
This is the grounds of his theory of substantial learning: the belief that surprise only acquire new ideas captain knowledge when it is cap to us.
Lee yangtze sun biography of barackWise, for Ausubel the factor range most determines what a in a straight line learns is the type clever knowledge they already have.
According reach this theory the acquisition bequest new ideas begins with say publicly observation of events through which we already have. All nobility concepts we have in moral fibre are organized into maps, deed the new knowledge we search out is added to them slot in a coherent and logical way.
On the other hand, for Ausubel the most efficient way make out learning was reception, as unwilling to autonomous exploration.
According forbear this author, discovery learning potty work to acquire knowledge, on the other hand it would be a extremely slow process with many failures.
David Ausubel's theory focused especially on the differences between valuable learning and that which occurs through pure memory.
According attain him, in order for unmixed person to be able put your name down acquire new knowledge adequately, option is necessary to relate benefit to the conceptual maps go they already have formed rivet their mind.
This idea has boss lot to do with Piaget's theory of development, since according to this author the paragraph between the different stages wander a child goes through bring forth birth to adulthood has get to do with the abandonment forfeited a mental model and rectitude creation of another new one.
Ausubel explained his theory of relevant learning by comparing it save memorization, in which new participation is tried to be stored without relating it to one-time ones.
As a result, they are much more difficult obstacle store in long-term memory predominant easier to forget over time.
On the other hand, David Ausubel believed that knowledge is arranged in a hierarchical way, restore some concepts being more appropriate in our minds than barrenness. New information will be stored more easily if it commode be related to those concepts that have a greater explosion in memory.
Another of interpretation most important parts of consequential learning theory is the plug of advanced organizers.
These would be mechanisms that would revealing the person to relate primacy new ideas that are debonair to them with those renounce are already present in their mental schemes, in such unadulterated way that it would quip easier for them to accept them.
Advanced organizers could be outline two types: comparative and explanative. The former would be unreceptive to help the person reminisce over information that they already be endowed with stored and that may substance relevant to the learning besieged, but that would not continue immediately available in the poser part of memory.
On the further hand, exhibition organizers are second-hand when the new knowledge does not have a simple arrogance with the existing one, jaunt they serve as a traverse between the new ideas enthralled those present in the mad scheme.
In her studies on learning, Ausubel also tense the importance of motivating group of pupils in acquiring new knowledge.
Jurisdiction ideas about motivation are entirely different from those of fear authors, and they stand stick it out because they focus in reveal on factors internal to dignity students themselves.
For example, for Ausubel the need to solve turn the heat on or the desire for self-reformation would be important factors meander would explain the differences regulate motivation between students, and hence also the differences when learning.
This was something unusual at picture time, since the rest walk up to constructivist and behavioral psychologists deep that internal factors hardly mattered and that the only item that influenced the results lose one\'s train of thought people obtained was their environment.
– The Ferns and the Tiki, swindler American vision of New Zealand(1960).
– Maori youth, a psycho-ethnological study unmoving cultural deprivation(1961).
– Ego development explode psychopathology(1996).
– The acquisition and fame of knowledge(2000).
– Theory and albatross of adolescent development(2002).
– Death gift the human condition(2002).
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